![]() ![]() The points of light that meet before - or after - the image sensor are out of focus.įocus is dependent on distance. When the points of light meet at the sensor, the image is in focus. The different pieces of glass inside the lens adjust the light rays so that they come together at the image sensor. A lens redirects light to the camera’s sensor. In this case, the aperture can be closed a little bit and the body is again reasonably sharp.Understanding depth of field (DOF) is a bit simpler once you understand a bit of how a camera - and a camera lens - works. If you focus on the eye of a bird, for example, bodies are already too far away from the focal plane and are blurred. The closer you are to an animal, the shallower the depth of field becomes. Because the center of the image is brighter than the corners, the focus of the viewer is automatically shifted more towards the center, where the animal is located. ![]() In certain cases, vignetting can even improve an image. In some cases, the camera itself can also correct the vignetting. For most lenses though, the vignetting can be corrected with image processing programs. Depending on the lens, vignetting can be a bigger problem. With vignetting, the corners of the image are somewhat darker than the center. This also increases with larger apertures. Vignetting is somewhat more noticeable, however. With most lenses though, the reduced sharpness is practically not noticeable at all. This means that even the objects on the focal plane are not perfectly sharp. With a larger aperture, most lenses tend to become slightly less sharp. These differences are completely random and become visible as noise. ![]() The higher the ISO value is set, the more pixels next to each other start to differ in brightness and color. Otherwise you might get motion blur.Ī lower ISO sensitivity means that the images are less noisy. Especially with fast moving animals, like birds, a fast shutter speed is usually necessary to keep the bird sharp. With a faster exposure time you can freeze the movement in the image. This allows you to either choose a faster exposure time or lower the ISO sensitivity of the sensor. In addition to the blurred background you also gain light with a fast aperture. The animal catches the viewer's eye much more and therefore the animal does not always have to be shown big in the frame. The focus is therefore much stronger on the animal. If you have a completely blurred out background, the only structures are those of the animal. These structures could otherwise distract the person looking at the picture from the subject of the photo, i.e. This has the effect that the background loses structure. The wide opening of the aperture makes the background of your pictures blurred. The closer the focus plane to the camera and the longer the focal length, the blurrier the objects in front of and behind the focus plane become. In general, the wider the aperture is opened, the more blurred the objects in front of and behind the focal plane become.įurthermore, the blur is also dependent on the distance from the focal plane to the camera and the focal length. How blurred an object is depends not only on the distance from the object to the focal plane, but also on the aperture. With a large depth of field, the focus 'plane' or focus box is very deep. If the depth of field is small, this range is very small. The depth of field indicates the size of this area. So there is a certain range in which all objects are sharp. The further away an object is from the focal plane, the more blurred the object appears.Īctually, however, the focus plane is a cuboid. If you focus the camera on an object, all objects at the same distance from the camera will appear in focus. If you now take your right hand and hold it in front of your left hand, the closer you get to the eye, the blurrier the right hand becomes. You will notice that whatever is behind your hand becomes blurry. Now close one eye and look at your left hand. Hold your left hand about 30 cm in front of your face. Depth of field is a phenomenon that you can observe yourself. The aperture not only affects the brightness of the image but also the depth of field. Of course, this only applies as long as the other settings remain the same. If the aperture is closed, the image is dark if the aperture is wide open, the image is bright. So the image is differently bright depending on the aperture. On the contrary, if the aperture is very wide open, more light falls on the sensor. the aperture is closed, very little light falls on the sensor. If the aperture opening is very small, i.e. The aperture influences how much light falls on the sensor. ![]()
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